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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Mining Science and Technology (Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Горные науки и технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0632</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The National University of Science and Technology MISiIS (NUST MISIS)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/2500-0632-2023-09-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gscience-590</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MINING ROCK PROPERTIES. ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOPHYSICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СВОЙСТВА ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД. ГЕОМЕХАНИКА И ГЕОФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Physical simulation aspects of structural changes in rock samples under thermobaric conditions at great depths</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Аспекты физического моделирования процессов структурных изменений образцов горных пород при термобарических условиях больших глубин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2185-8638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильинов</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyinov</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Дмитриевич Ильинов – кандидат технических наук, заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией физико-механических свойств и горных пород Научного центра геомеханики и проблем горного производства</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail D. Ilyinov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Research Laboratory of Physical and Mechanical Properties and Rocks, Scientific Center of Geomechanics and Problems of Mining Production</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilinov_md@spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5513-1871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Николаевич Петров – кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры Строительства горных предприятий и подземных сооружений</p><p>Scopus ID 56672478800</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Petrov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Construction of Mining Enterprises and Underground Structures</p><p>Scopus ID 56672478800</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaf-sgp@spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3214-5322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карманский</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmanskiy</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даниил Александрович Карманский – ведущий инженер научно-исследовательской лабораториифизико-механических свойств и разрушения горных пород Научного центра геомеханики и проблем горного производства</p><p>Scopus ID 57209507897</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Karmanskiy – Leading Engineer of the Research Laboratory of Physical and Mechanical Properties and Destruction of Rocks, Scientific Center of Geomechanics and Problems of Mining Production</p><p>Scopus ID 57209507897</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Karmanskij_DA@pers.spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8163-2249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селихов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selikhov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Селихов – аспирант кафедры Строительства горных предприятий и подземных сооружений</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Selikhov – PhD-Student, Department of Construction of Mining Enterprises and Underground Structures</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s225059@stud.spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Mining University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>290</fpage><lpage>302</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ilyinov M.D., Petrov D.N., Karmanskiy D.A., Selikhov A.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильинов М.Д., Петров Д.Н., Карманский Д.А., Селихов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyinov M.D., Petrov D.N., Karmanskiy D.A., Selikhov A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mst.misis.ru/jour/article/view/590">https://mst.misis.ru/jour/article/view/590</self-uri><abstract><p>When designing the parameters for the development of oil and gas field at significant depths, crucial to comprehend how certain factors affect the behavior of reservoir rocks and host rocks. These factors include the high level of rock stress, the ambient temperature field, and the hydro- and gas-dynamic processes within the mass. The impact of one or a combination of these factors can result in alterations to the construction, structure, composition, and properties of the rock mass and, ultimately leading to a mismatch between the design solutions and the actual conditions.</p><p>The purpose of the research is to establish a methodology for conducting laboratory studies that investigate the impact of the mode of occurrence of oil and gas field reservoirs at great depths on the properties of rock samples.</p><p>The research objectives encompass a theoretical analysis and the identification of the principal factors influencing rock behavior and changes in internal structure. Additionally, the objectives include developing laboratory research methods that comprehensively simulate these factors and conducting trial experiments to assess their effects.</p><p>As part of the project, tests were conducted on sandstone samples collected from depth ranging from 3.5 to 4 km within the hydrocarbon field. These studies were performed while simulating thermobaric reservoir conditions, which include temperature, rock pressure, and reservoir pressure.</p><p>The results of these experiments, aimed at examining the behavior of rock samples as closely as possible to their natural reservoir occurrence at depth of 3.5–4 km, are presented. It has been observed that rock samples of the same lithology, collected from nearly identical depths, can exhibit significant differences in deformation characteristics, both in the pre- and off-limit regions of loading. The findings from these studies provide the initial data for the development and refinement of geomechanical model behavior for materials that take into account not only fracture strength criteria but also dilatancy processes at various stages of rock deformation. Increasing lateral pressure within the range of 0 to to 55 MPa causes relatively minor change in ultrasonic vibration velocities, typically ranging from 1 to 10%. This makes it challenging to determine the necessity of utilizing these results for indirectly assessing changes in rock properties within the mass. Nevertheless, within the context of geophysical studies, considering variations in velocity values enhances the quality of result interpretation, especially given the substantial geometric dimensions of the rock masses under investigation.</p><p>Research into the acoustic emissions of rocks in a complex stressed state enables the monitoring of spatial micro- and macrofracturing processes throughout the entire loading phase of samples. This provides a more comprehensive understanding of changes in their internal structure. The article delves into the factors that impact structural changes in oil and gas field rocks, particularly as their development extends to greater depths. The study outlines methodological approaches that facilitate the investigation of physical and mechanical properties of rock samples, while accurately modeling complex thermobaric conditions. Additionally, the it describes the technical specifications of the testing equipment, ensuring the closest possible replication of the actual conditions of reservoir rock occurrences. Lastly, the study reveals key features related to the deformation and fracture of rock samples during testing under lateral pressures of 55 MPa and pore pressures of 30 MPa, along with the creation of temperature fields up to 100 °C.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>При проектировании параметров разработки нефтяных и газовых месторождений на больших глубинах необходимо иметь представление о влиянии на поведение пород-коллекторов и вмещающих их пород таких факторов, как высокий уровень напряженного состояния пород, температурное поле окружающей среды, гидро- и газодинамические процессы в массиве. Воздействие как одного, так и комбинации данных факторов может привести к изменениям в строении, структуре, составе и свойствах породного массива и, как следствие, несоответствию реальным условиям принятых проектных решений.</p><p>Целью исследований является разработка методики лабораторных исследований влияния условий залегания коллекторов нефтяных и газовых месторождений на больших глубинах при изучении свойств образцов горных пород.</p><p>Задачи исследования: теоретический анализ и выявление основных факторов, влияющих на поведение и изменение внутренней структуры пород, разработка методики лабораторных исследований с комплексным моделированием данных факторов и проведение пробных экспериментов по оценке их влияния.</p><p>В рамках работы были выполнены испытания образцов песчаников, отобранных с глубин от 3,5 до 4 км месторождения углеводородов. Исследования проводились с моделированием термобарических пластовых условий залегания: температуры, горного и пластового давлений.</p><p>Представлены результаты экспериментов по исследованию поведения образцов горных пород с максимальным приближением к естественным условиям залегания пород коллекторов 3,5–4 км.</p><p>Установлено, что образцы пород одной литологической разности и отобранные практически с одинаковых глубин могут иметь существенные отличия в характере деформирования как в до-, так и запредельной области нагружения.</p><p>Результаты данных исследований служат исходными данными при разработке и уточнении геомеханических моделей поведения материалов, которые учитывают не только прочностные критерии разрушения, но и дилатансионные процессы на различных этапах деформирования пород. Увеличение бокового давления в интервалах от 0 до 55 МПа приводит к относительно незначительному изменению скоростей ультразвуковых колебаний (от 1 до 10 %), что не позволяет судить о необходимости использования данных результатов при косвенной оценке изменения свойств горных пород в массиве. Однако в рамках геофизических исследований учет изменения численных значений скоростей позволит повысить качество интерпретации результатов, что связано с большими геометрическим размерами изучаемых массивов.</p><p>Исследования акустической эмиссии пород в сложнонапряженном состоянии позволяют отслеживать процессы пространственного образования и развития микро- и макротрещиноватости на всей стадии нагружения образцов и дают более полное представление об изменении их внутренней структуры.</p><p>В статье рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на процессы структурного изменения горных пород нефтяных и газовых месторождений, связанных с увеличением глубины их разработки. Разработаны методические подходы, позволяющие производить исследования физико-механических свойств образцов горных пород с моделированием сложных термобарических условий. Описаны технические характеристики испытательного оборудования, обеспечивающие максимальное воспроизведение реальных условий залегания пород-коллекторов. Выявлены особенности деформирования и разрушения образцов горных пород при их испытаниях в условиях бокового давления 55 МПа, порового 30 МПа с созданием температурного поля до 100 °С.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>горная порода</kwd><kwd>образец</kwd><kwd>напряжение</kwd><kwd>поровое давление</kwd><kwd>температура</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>акустическая эмиссия</kwd><kwd>месторождение</kwd><kwd>структурные изменения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rock</kwd><kwd>sample</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>pore pressure</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>acoustic emission</kwd><kwd>field</kwd><kwd>structural changes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen V.T., Rogachev M.K., Aleksandrov A.N. 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