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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Mining Science and Technology (Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Горные науки и технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0632</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The National University of Science and Technology MISiIS (NUST MISIS)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/2500-0632-2024-02-224</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gscience-666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОХРАНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Preparation of adsorbents for the extraction of heavy metals from mining wastewater</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Получение адсорбентов для извлечения тяжелых металлов из сточных вод горнорудной промышленности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4198-2274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaeva</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Иннокентьевна Мирзаева – PhD (техн.), доцент кафедры металлургии</p><p>г. Алмалык</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Mirzaeva – PhD (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Metallurgy</p><p>Almalyk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mirzaevaelena92@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-6975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаева</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaeva</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нурхон Фархатовна Исаева – PhD (техн.), докторант</p><p>г. Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurkhon F. Isaeva – PhD (Eng.), Doctoral Student</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nurhonisaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-2206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ялгашев</surname><given-names>Э. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yalgashev</surname><given-names>E. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элмурод Яхшибой угли Ялгашев – докторант, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elmurod Ya. Yalgashev – Doctoral Student, Senior Researcher</p><p>Tashkent</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chemyalgashev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3216-5801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турдиева</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turdiyeva</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дилноза Пердеш қизи Турдиева – докторант, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dilnoza P. Turdiyeva – Doctoral Student, Junior Researcher</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turdievadilnoza34@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боймонов</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boymonov</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руфатжон Машариф угли Боймонов – старший преподаватель кафедры машин и оборудования нефтегазовой промышленности и систем трубопроводного транспорта</p><p>г. Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rufatjon M. Boymonov – Senior Lecturer of the Department of Machinery and Equipment of Oil and Gas Industry and Pipeline Transport Systems</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rufatjonboymonov1992@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет науки и технологий МИСИС (филиал в г. Алмалыке)<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of Science and Technology MISIS (Almalyk branch)<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский научно-исследовательский химико-технологический институт<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский химико-технологический институт<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный Университет Узбекистана имени Мирзо Улугбека<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский государственный технический университет имени Ислама Каримова<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mirzaeva E.N., Isaeva N.F., Yalgashev E.Y., Turdiyeva D.P., Boymonov R.M., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мирзаева Е.И., Исаева Н.Ф., Ялгашев Э.Я., Турдиева Д.П., Боймонов Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mirzaeva E.N., Isaeva N.F., Yalgashev E.Y., Turdiyeva D.P., Boymonov R.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mst.misis.ru/jour/article/view/666">https://mst.misis.ru/jour/article/view/666</self-uri><abstract><p>Mining and metallurgical operations are inextricably connected with the consumption of large volumes of water and, consequently, the generation of liquid waste. The priority is to solve the problems of treatment and rational reclaiming of process waters with high content of valuable components. This will make it possible to obtain a significant environmental and economic effect, i.e. to bring profit directly to enterprises, save material resources and reduce the environmental impact in mining regions. Processing of copper-zinc ores is accompanied by the formation of metal-bearing wastewater with a wide range of associated metals and nonmetals with low concentrations of each individual component and pH fluctuations within wide ranges. These factors make it difficult to select a rational treatment technology, so enterprises have to pay for excessive metal-bearing discharges into the environment. Heavy metals are toxic, do not undergo decomposition, can be accumulated by aquatic plants and reach a human body through the food chain. Centralized accumulation of accidental discharges, surface and drainage water with subsequent treatment for use in recycled water supply can solve a number of environmental problems in the field of water resources protection. Adsorption of heavy metals by zeolites produced from inexpensive clay minerals due to the simplicity of the process, possibility of zeolite regeneration, high efficiency in Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ ion exchange with release of non-toxic  Na+ cations into the environment is a good alternative to chemical precipitation. The purpose of this study is to optimize the conditions for producing zeolites from kaolin and bentonite with the assessment of the possibility of their use for the treatment of wastewater generated during mining and processing of ores from sulfide copper-polymetallic deposits. The technology of alkaline fusion of bentonite or kaolin with sodium hydroxide was used as a basis for zeolite synthesis from crude mining products. The novelty of the technological approach in obtaining zeolites from natural aluminosilicates in comparison with the published data is that the adjustment of the chemical composition of alkaline alloy for the synthesis of zeolites with a certain crystal structure was carried out using Al2O3–NaAlО2 waste suspension. The alkaline alloy was dissolved in water, filtered, and subjected to hydrothermal crystallization. The phase composition of the zeolite adsorbents was studied. Through studying the recovery of heavy metals from model solutions, the mass composition and conditions of alkaline fusion processes as well as the hydrothermal crystallization mode were optimized. The achieved metal recovery of 95% from the model solutions with initial concentration (mg/L): 150 Cu2+, 180 Zn2+ and 125 Fe2+ allowed to draw the conclusion that zeolites based on bentonite and kaolin can be used in the treatment of metal-bearing wastewater.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Деятельность горно-металлургических предприятий неразрывно связана с потреблением больших количеств воды и соответственно образованием жидких отходов. Приоритетным является решение проблем переработки и рациональной утилизации технологических вод с высоким содержанием ценных компонентов. Это позволяет получать значимый эколого-экономический эффект, то есть приносить прибыль непосредственно предприятиям, экономить материальные ресурсы и снижать нагрузку на окружающую среду в горнопромышленных регионах. Переработка медно-цинковых руд сопровождается формированием металлоносных потоков с широким спектром сопутствующих металлов и неметаллов с низкой концентрацией каждого отдельного компонента и колебаниями рН в широких пределах. Указанные факторы затрудняют выбор рациональной технологии очистки, поэтому предприятиям приходится платить за сверхнормативные металлоносные сбросы в окружающую среду. Тяжелые металлы токсичны, не подвергаются разложению, могут аккумулироваться водными растениями и по пищевой цепи достигать организма человека. Централизованная аккумуляция случайных сбросов, поверхностных и дренажных вод с последующей очисткой для использования в оборотном водоснабжении может решить ряд экологических задач в области охраны водных ресурсов. Адсорбция тяжелых металлов цеолитами на основе недорогих глинистых минералов благодаря простоте процесса, возможности регенерации цеолитов, высокой эффективности ионообмена Cu2+, Zn2+ и Fe2+ с выделением в окружающую среду нетоксичных катионов Na+ является хорошей альтернативой химическому осаждению. Целью настоящей работы является оптимизация условий получения цеолитов на основе каолина и бентонита для очистки сточных вод, образующихся при добыче и переработке руды медно-колчеданно-полиметаллических месторождений. За основу синтеза цеолитов из необогащенной продукции горнодобывающей отрасли принята технология щелочного сплавления бентонита или каолина с гидроксидом натрия. Новизной технологического подхода при получении цеолитов из природных алюмосиликатов по сравнению с опубликованными данными является то, что корректировку химического состава щелочного сплава для синтеза цеолитов с определенной кристаллической структурой осуществляли с помощью отходов суспензии Al2O3–NaAlО2. Щелочной сплав растворяли в воде, фильтровали и подвергали гидротермальной кристаллизации. Изучен фазовый состав цеолитных адсорбентов. В результате сравнения эффективности извлечения тяжелых металлов из модельных растворов оптимизированы состав массы и условия процессов щелочного плавления, а также режим гидротермальной кристаллизации. Благодаря достигнутой степени извлечения металлов на уровне 95 % из модельных растворов с начальной концентрацией, мг/л: 150 Сu2+, 180 Zn2+ и 125 Fe2+, цеолиты на основе бентонита и каолина могут быть использованы при очистке металлоносных вод.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>руда</kwd><kwd>переработка</kwd><kwd>экология</kwd><kwd>сточные воды</kwd><kwd>очистка</kwd><kwd>тяжелые металлы</kwd><kwd>адсорбция</kwd><kwd>алюмосиликаты</kwd><kwd>каолин</kwd><kwd>цеолиты</kwd><kwd>бентониты</kwd><kwd>кристаллизация</kwd><kwd>дифрактограмма</kwd><kwd>Узбекистан</kwd><kwd>Алмалыкский горно-металлургический комбинат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ore</kwd><kwd>processing</kwd><kwd>ecology</kwd><kwd>wastewater</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>heavy metals</kwd><kwd>adsorption</kwd><kwd>aluminosilicates</kwd><kwd>kaolin</kwd><kwd>zeolites</kwd><kwd>bentonites</kwd><kwd>crystallization</kwd><kwd>diffractogram</kwd><kwd>Uzbekistan</kwd><kwd>Almalyk mining and metallurgical combine (AMMC)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Растанина Н. 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