The paper discusses and analyses the common factors of spatial distribution of the Debed river basin flow, features of the water regime and intra-annual flow distribution owed by the geological and hydrogeological structure of the region and the soil composition. Besides, some issues of regulation and management of river flow related to the peculiarities of the geological and hydrogeological structure of the river basin and the soil composition are considered.

Some non-destructive methods for internal rock structures control are described, and examples of their use are given. Examples of the application of X-ray and neural tomography, scanning electron and acoustic microscopy are also presented. It is shown that the method of laser-ultrasonic structuroscopy is rather promising. Two examples of the use of laser-ultrasonic structuroscopy are given: measuring local porosity of geomaterial samples and monitoring changes of internal structure as a result of electromagnetic exposure.

An algorithm for processing of crosshole seismic survey data enabling recognizing the type and evaluate the characteristics of geological anomalies using a system of criteria is described. As part of the algorithm, the procedures for creating a line certificate, calculating amplitude spectra, velocity spectra, velocity response spectra, filtering operation, and travel-time graph plotting are performed. Then calculation of kinematic and dynamic parameters in the selected velocity gates and statistical processing are performed. The fundamental algorithm procedures are tomographic determination of the wavefield parameters in the extraction panel plane, selection and interpretation of anomalous zones using prediction criteria for determining the dislocation type. It is shown that it is advisable to perform the tomographic determination of the wavefield parameters in the extraction panel plane in the velocity gates of the identified wave packets in sequence for the main informative parameters. Analysis of the amplitude modulus maximum velocity distribution provides high accuracy in terms of identifying anomalous zones. This parameter is relative independent of random factors. The analysis of the wave packet characteristic frequency offsetting is the only key source allowing judge both presence and type of dislocation. Analysis of the distribution of wave packet amplitudes is characterized by high accuracy in terms of identifying anomalous zones. However, its use is complicated by the dependence on many random factors. Other parameters have much less information content and can be used as auxiliary ones. The algorithm is implemented in the software enabling automating the most labor-intensive operations. Its use was illustrated by the example of the analysis and interpretation of the seismic study findings in longwall 37K10-V of the Kuzembaev Mine (Kazakhstan).

At present time, megacities face acute problem of construction of tunnels for laying utility networks. In such large cities as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, there are still no solutions to the problem of laying technical pipelines, power cables, water supply and sewage pipelines. The paper describes the method of utility tunnel designing, taking into account rock composition and restricted construction conditions for each specific area, based on the use of small tunnel-boring machine. Using this method ensures reliability and economic feasibility of the tunnel construction project.

In the foreign practice of designing and operating tunneling shields, it is now customary to equip the tunneling systems with large diameter CCS type disk rolling cutters. However, there is another type of disk rolling cutters for rock breaking, wedge disk rolling cutters, which, as practice shows, in some situations can provide higher work efficiency than the standard tool. Domestic researches in this field comes down mainly to the study of wedge disk rolling cutters of relatively small diameter for equipping boom ripper tunneling machines. However, this experience cannot be applied to the operation of tunneling systems; therefore, the study of foreign experience on this issue is advisable. This paper presents analysis of comprehensive studies conducted by foreign experts in the construction of various purpose tunnels in Turkey in the first decade of this century. These studies include determining wide range of physical and technical properties of rocks, performing laboratory and field tests to determine power characteristics of the rock breakage process, comparing laboratory, field and theoretical calculated values of power and energy performance of tunneling systems. Based on findings of the tests it was found that rock breakage efficiency is determined not only by the rock strength, but also by its structural and texture features. Differences were observed when comparing the laboratory experiment data with the field data, and when comparing the laboratory and field values of disk rolling cutter cutting force in the process of rock breakage with the theoretically calculated values. In addition, breakage of viscous non-abrasive rocks with small amount of mineral inclusions or, with certain reservations, breakage of very strong and abrasive rocks should be referred to promising applications for wedge frontal disk rolling cutters. Not all conclusions made on the basis of the analysis coincide with the opinions of the authors of the initial studies, therefore, for more complete understanding of the topic, it is recommended to read the literature (especially foreign one) included in the list of cited sources.